بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Al-Lahn: the mistakes in reading the Qur'an. There are two kinds of Lahn; Lahn Jalli and Lahn Khafi.
1. Lahn Jalli [Clear]:
The clear and obvious mistakes that occur in pronunciation. They affect the accuracy of the ayat, whether they change the meaning or not. They occur in letters [kalimaat] and in vowels [harakat].
Lahn Jalli in letters:
- Changing the letter. [E.g changing the س into a ص in the word عسى; so pronouncing this as عصى.]
- Adding a letter. [E.g adding an alif in the word ولتسألن; so pronouncing this as ولا تسألن.]
- Dropping a letter. [E.g removing the alif from the word لا in ولا تموتن; so pronouncing it as ولتموتن.]
Lahn Jalli in vowels:
- Changing the vowel/harakah. [E.g changing the fat-ha in كَتَبَ to a dammah; so pronouncing it as كَتُبَ.]
- Any other change made in a vowel is considered Lahn Jalli. It can be changing a vowelled letter [the ت in كَتَبَ] to a saakin letter [كَتْبَ.] Or vice versa.
To summarise, any change in a letter or vowel is considered a clear and obvious mistake in recitation, hence it is Lahn Jalli.
All Lahn Jalli are haraam, and must be corrected as soon as possible if made.
2. Lahn Khafi [Hidden]:
The hidden mistakes that take place in pronunciation, but are not mistakes in Arabic grammar or language, and they do not change the meaning of the word or the ayah. However, they "pierce" the beauty of the recitation.
Example: mistakes in Tajweed rules, such as leaving a madd or an idghaam.
All Lahn Khafi are considered makrooh [disliked].
[End of lesson.]
Writer's note:
All praise and thanks is to Allah for the knowledge shared in this post, and may He forgive me for any mistake I might have made in it.
Please feel free to leave a comment sharing your thoughts or concerns regarding this post!
Barakallahu feekum,
والسلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته
[Source: Simplified Tajweed Rules of the Qur'an compiled by Sheikha Marwa El Gindy, may Allah reward her always, Ameen.]
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